Ace the Arizona Educator Proficiency Test 2026 – Teach, Inspire, Succeed!

Question: 1 / 475

Which developmental factor contributes to high self-esteem according to self-concept theories?

Encouragement from adults

Encouragement from adults plays a crucial role in fostering high self-esteem as per self-concept theories. When children receive positive reinforcement and support from adults—such as parents, teachers, and mentors—they are more likely to develop a strong sense of self-worth and confidence in their abilities. This supportive environment validates their efforts and accomplishments, which enhances their self-concept and helps them to view themselves positively.

In contrast, parental criticism can undermine a child’s self-esteem, leading to feelings of inadequacy. Isolation from peers can hinder social development and limit opportunities for positive interactions that build confidence. Additionally, a lack of achievement can contribute to feelings of failure, which negatively impacts self-esteem. Therefore, encouragement by adults becomes a key protective factor that nurtures self-esteem during developmental stages.

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Parental criticism

Isolation from peers

Lack of achievement

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